The Mystery Cash Box and the Sunk Cost Fallacy
Posted by Lise on 18 Mar 2008 at 10:52 am | Tagged as: personal finance
Every budget has a “mystery” category. For us, that box is called “Cash.”
For the most part, my husband and I pay for everything with a credit card and pay the balance off in full every month. But sometimes we come across something that we can’t pay for with credit - or even a check or debit. We need cash: for a co-pay. For entrance to a board-gaming event. To get snacks out of a vending machine.
Inevitably what happens is that we take $20, or $40, or $60 out. That money gets dutifully recorded in our budget software - under the heading of “Cash.” At the end of the month, I look at the Cash category and realize that $200 or $300 has flowed through our hands, basically unaccounted for.
Some personal finance gurus advocate a cash-only lifestyle as a way to get out of debt and find financial freedom. Cash in hand, they argue, is more tangible, and thus we are more aware of it slipping through our fingers every time we buy a latte.
I would argue, however, that cash in hand is prey for the the sunk cost fallacy.
What is the sunk-cost fallacy? Let Wikipedia answer the question! Many people have strong misgivings about “wasting” resources. This is called “loss aversion”. In the above example involving a non-refundable movie ticket, many people, for example, would feel obligated to go to the movie despite not really wanting to, because doing otherwise would be wasting the ticket price; they feel they passed the point of no return. This is sometimes called the sunk cost fallacy. Economists would label this behavior “irrational”: It is inefficient because it misallocates resources by depending on information that is irrelevant to the decision being made. Colloquially, this is known as “throwing good money after bad”
I’m not alone in this behavior, either. Shuchong discusses this, too, in “Cash to Burn: Why a Credit-Only Lifestyle Works for Me.”
I had very good intentions. I took out $40, because I went to the thrift store, and they only take cash. I spent $19 at the thrift store. What I should have done was re-deposit the extra $20 when I passed the ATM on the way home. What I did do was spend about $3 on pizza, because I forgot to pack lunch one day this week. And then $3.25 on a video rental (My roommate had never seen a James Bond movie before. I had to rectify this glaring gap in her cultural education, poor deprived child, and the library was closed for the evening. It was an emergency AND money well spent.) Another $3 for vitamins at CVS. And I must have spent another $6.00 somewhere, because I only have $5.75 left.
Here are some of my suggestions-to-self (and to you) about stopping this gap:
- Instead of taking out $20 every time I need to pay a co-pay for a lunchtime doctor’s appointment, I should make it a point to take the checkbook with me that day instead.
- The post office accepts credit cards. No, really.
- The dining hall at Brandeis accepts credit cards. No, really.
- Pre-registering for conventions means you won’t be coughing up $60 cash at the door.
- The next time the clerk at High Farms Variety - the only place to get the coveted town garbage bags - tells me they can’t accept my credit (or debit!) card for purchases under $20, I’ll remind them that they’re breaking their service agreement with the credit card company by doing so. I can’t guarantee that telling them this will help, but notifying the credit card company might.
What about you? Does money flow throw your hands faster with a credit card, or with cash?
I too have to watch the cash bucket. I do know where a large part of it goes. Every month I take out a moderate amount of cash and stick it in the groceries wallet. It’s the only ‘joint account’ Amanda and I have at the moment, because it is the one thing we both use that is hard to track (unlike, say, bills, which she pays, and I reimburse her for, or the odd household expense which I buy and she reimburses me for). I need to make that a special accounting item in my money tracker (I’m using Yodlee, love it), and then see where I can cut out the rest of ‘cash’. I tend to be lax on packing lunch and things like that, knowing that if I don’t do it, I can just go to the cafe or brueggers, etc.
I propose that once I’ve meaningfully disposed of what I currently have in my wallet, to try going a week with no cash at all and see how it works out. It’ll probably force me to shape up a bit on my casual spending, and I can rest secure in the knowledge that should an emergency come up, I can get to an ATM.
I understand that for many people credit cards are problematic because they don’t think of it as spending, and seeing the money actually change hands reinforces their thinking, but for me cash is easy to spend, whereas every time I use the credit card, I can picture the charge adding up on the statement, rather than the money in the wallet going subtracting down. I suppose the difference may be what motivates you more: for some of us, we fear debt more than we love money, so increasing debt with a credit card is harder than depleting money with dribbling out cash. I mean, what else is money in the wallet for, if not to be spent?
I don’t usually use cash, unless going to something like a convention, but I do prefer to use a card for most things if only because I can keep track of everything on the statement. If I’m wondering “Whoa! Where did all the money go?” I can check the statement and say “A-ha! No more buying excessive amounts of X for me!”, whereas an entry saying “Withdrawal of $Y” tells me absolutely nothing.
However, I also don’t use credit cards- they scare me. Instead, I use my bank’s debit/credit card that takes money directly out of my account, since I’m terrified of accidentally spending myself into debt. Student loans, that kind of debt I’m ok with. Trying to get off a credit-card debt treadmill scares the pants off of me.
[…] Frugal in the Fruitlands: The Mystery Cash Box and the Sunken Cost Fallacy […]
[…] In retrospect, I realize that from the moment I walked in, they had me. They showed me the gym first, so I would see all the nice features. Then they put me in a position from which I could not politely extract myself. Their goal, of course, is to get you to buy right now. They know if they get you out of their sight, you’re not going to come back. They let me “get away” with the $10 fee with the logic that if I pay them $10 today, I’m likely to come back, thanks to our friend the sunk cost fallacy. […]
My customers pay me in cash quite frequently. It gets set in a cubby hole in my desk while it’s waiting to be taken to the bank. (Checks get deposited more frequently, but I don’t always have checks.)
It’s SO easy to say, “well, the place we’re going charges a dollar for debit card use; I’ll just grab a couple of fives and save a dollar.”
Then when I’m counting up my money I find out that I “made” far less than I “should have”. I almost erase the memories of the “borrowing” and I struggle to be able to account for all of it.
We’ve been debating using a cashed-based system and your post has made me realize that perhaps that’s not the absolute best thing for us; hubby is the same way with cash.
Hi Lizz, and welcome. I think I left a comment on your blog before I even replied to your comment! Shame on me!
I’ve gone back and forth on the cash thing quite a few times myself. My husband has always been very anti-cash, and it took me a while to reconcile myself to this philosophy. It really took me seeing that money in my pocket was money I had already spent. Every now and then some piece of financial advice chides me for my plastic lifestyle and almost convinces me to touch and feel cash again, but I kind of feel it’s like having brownies in front of your face all the time - if it’s there, you’re going to eat (use) it.
I’m glad my post left an impact on you - I always like to hear that
[…] They gladly fixed the error and gave me a shiny new $20 bill back. My only regret is that I didn’t catch the error before Matt swiped his card, because cash, as I’ve discussed before, has a different psychological weight than plastic. […]